The Family Reunification Visa in Spain allows non-EU residents to bring close family members to Spain to live with them. This visa is designed for individuals who already hold a residence permit in Spain and wish to reunite with family members, such as a spouse, children, or parents. This guide explains the eligibility requirements, application process, and key steps involved in obtaining a Family Reunification Visa in Spain.
1. What is the Family Reunification Visa in Spain?
The Family Reunification Visa enables non-EU residents in Spain to sponsor certain family members to join them in Spain. Eligible family members may include spouses, minor children, dependent parents, and other dependents under specific conditions. This visa is intended to promote family unity by allowing close relatives to live together in Spain.
Key Benefits:
- Allows family members of non-EU residents to live in Spain
- Provides the right to work (in some cases) and access to health services and education
- Can lead to long-term residence rights after meeting residency requirements
2. Eligibility Requirements for the Family Reunification Visa
To qualify for the Family Reunification Visa, both the sponsor (the resident in Spain) and the family member must meet certain requirements.
A. Requirements for the Sponsor
The sponsor must:
- Hold a Valid Residence Permit: The sponsor must have held a residence permit in Spain for at least one year and have received an extension for at least another year.
- Meet Financial Requirements: The sponsor must demonstrate sufficient income to support their family members. The financial threshold depends on family size and is calculated based on the Spanish IPREM (Public Income Indicator of Multiple Effects). For example:
- For one family member: 150% of the IPREM.
- For each additional member: an additional 50% of the IPREM.
- Provide Adequate Housing: The sponsor must show proof of sufficient housing for the family members to be reunited, such as a rental agreement or property deed.
B. Eligible Family Members
The following family members are eligible for the Family Reunification Visa:
- Spouse or Registered Partner: The marriage or partnership must be legally recognized in Spain, and polygamous relationships are not permitted.
- Children: Children under 18, or adult children who are financially dependent on the sponsor due to disability.
- Parents: Dependent parents of the sponsor or their spouse, provided they are financially reliant on the sponsor.
- Other Dependents: In some cases, other family members who are fully dependent on the sponsor may be eligible under special conditions.
3. Application Process for the Family Reunification Visa
The process of applying for a Family Reunification Visa requires both the sponsor in Spain and the family member abroad to complete specific steps. Here’s how the process works:
Step 1: Obtain Authorization for Family Reunification in Spain
The first step is for the sponsor in Spain to apply for authorization for family reunification at the Foreigners’ Office (Oficina de Extranjería) in their place of residence.
- Submit Form EX-02: The sponsor must fill out Form EX-02, providing information about the family member and the reason for reunification.
- Provide Required Documents: Documents may include proof of residence, income, housing, and the relationship with the family member.
- Pay the Fee: A fee is required to process the application. This is generally around €10 to €20.
Step 2: Wait for Authorization Approval
The Foreigners’ Office will review the application. Processing time can take anywhere from 1 to 3 months, depending on the case and office backlog. If approved, the sponsor will receive an authorization letter, which allows the family member to apply for a visa.
Step 3: Family Member Applies for the Family Reunification Visa
Once the authorization is approved, the family member can apply for a Family Reunification Visa at the Spanish consulate or embassy in their home country.
- Visa Application Form: Complete the National Visa Application Form.
- Supporting Documents: These typically include:
- Valid passport
- Authorization for family reunification (received from the sponsor)
- Proof of relationship (marriage certificate, birth certificate, etc.)
- Medical certificate (showing the applicant does not have a contagious disease)
- Criminal background check
- Visa Fee: The fee for a family reunification visa is typically around €60, though it may vary depending on nationality.
Step 4: Wait for the Visa Decision and Travel to Spain
After submitting the application, the family member will typically wait for 2 to 3 months for a decision. If approved, they can travel to Spain. Upon arrival, they have one month to register with the Foreigners’ Office (Oficina de Extranjería) and apply for a Foreigner Identity Card (TIE).
4. Required Documents for the Family Reunification Visa Application
Here is a list of typical documents needed for a Family Reunification Visa:
- Completed Visa Application Form
- Valid Passport (with at least six months’ validity)
- Proof of Relationship: Marriage certificate, birth certificate, or other legal documents proving the relationship
- Authorization Letter for Reunification: Issued by the Foreigners’ Office in Spain
- Medical Certificate: A statement from a doctor confirming that the applicant has no contagious diseases
- Criminal Record Certificate: Issued by authorities in the applicant’s country of residence
- Proof of Financial Means: Evidence that the sponsor meets income requirements
- Proof of Accommodation: Document showing that the sponsor has adequate housing
Note: All documents in foreign languages must be translated into Spanish and may require legalization or an apostille stamp.
5. Rights and Responsibilities of Family Reunification Visa Holders
Family members who receive the Family Reunification Visa will have certain rights and responsibilities in Spain.
Rights
- Right to Reside in Spain: Family members can live legally in Spain with their sponsor.
- Right to Work: Some family members, such as spouses, may also have the right to work in Spain.
- Access to Public Services: Access to healthcare, education, and other public services in Spain.
Responsibilities
- Residency Registration: Family members must register at the local Foreigners’ Office within one month of arrival.
- Renewal of Residency Permit: The initial residence permit is typically valid for one year, after which it must be renewed.
- Obey Spanish Laws: Family members must comply with Spanish laws and regulations during their stay.
6. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. How long does it take to get a Family Reunification Visa for Spain?
The full process, from initial authorization to receiving the visa, typically takes around 4 to 6 months.
2. Can family members work in Spain on a Family Reunification Visa?
In most cases, spouses and adult children may apply for work authorization once they receive their residence permit.
3. Do I need to show proof of income to sponsor a family member?
Yes, the sponsor must demonstrate sufficient income to support the family member. The amount depends on family size and is based on the Spanish IPREM.
4. Can EU citizens use the Family Reunification Visa?
EU citizens follow a different family reunification process. This visa is specifically for non-EU sponsors in Spain.
5. How long is the family member’s residence permit valid?
The initial residence permit is typically valid for one year, after which it can be renewed based on the sponsor’s residency status.
6. Can I bring my parents on a Family Reunification Visa?
Yes, but only if they are financially dependent on you, and you must demonstrate sufficient income to support them.