1. What Are the Small Claims Tribunals (SCT) in Singapore?
The Small Claims Tribunals (SCT) in Singapore provide a quick and affordable way to resolve minor disputes without the need for lawyers. SCT operates under the State Courts of Singapore and is designed to address claims efficiently.
2. Types of Claims Handled by the SCT
- Contractual Disputes: Issues related to goods or services purchased.
- Property Damage Claims: E.g., damage caused by others to personal or rental property.
- Tenancy Disputes: Security deposits or rent-related disagreements (for residential properties with terms not exceeding 2 years).
- Late Delivery or Faulty Goods Claims.
Monetary Limit:
- Claims must not exceed S$20,000.
- The limit can be increased to S$30,000 if both parties agree in writing.
3. Eligibility to File a Claim in Singapore SCT
- The claim must be filed within 2 years from the date the dispute arose.
- Both parties should reside or conduct business in Singapore, or the transaction must have occurred in Singapore.
4. Steps to File a Small Claim in Singapore
Step 1: Attempt to Resolve the Dispute Amicably
- Negotiate Directly: Contact the other party and discuss the issue to seek a resolution.
- Send a Letter of Demand (LOD): Clearly outline your claim, amount, and a deadline for resolution (e.g., 7–14 days).
Step 2: Lodge the Claim Online
All claims are filed online through the Community Justice and Tribunals System (CJTS):
- Visit the CJTS Portal.
- Create an account or log in using your SingPass.
- Complete the Claim Submission Form, which includes:
- Your information (claimant).
- The other party’s details (respondent).
- A concise description of the dispute and the amount being claimed.
Step 3: Pay the Filing Fee
The filing fee depends on the claim amount:
| Claim Amount | Filing Fee |
|---|---|
| Up to S$5,000 | S$10 |
| S$5,001–S$10,000 | S$20 |
| S$10,001–S$20,000 | S$40 |
Step 4: Attend the Consultation Session
- Once your claim is accepted, you will be scheduled for a Case Management Conference (CMC) or consultation session.
- Both parties must attend the session to discuss the dispute with a tribunal officer, who will attempt to mediate and resolve the issue amicably.
Step 5: Proceed to a Hearing (If Necessary)
- If mediation fails, the case will proceed to a tribunal hearing.
- Prepare to present your evidence, including:
- Contracts, invoices, or receipts.
- Emails, text messages, or any other correspondence.
- Photographs or videos (if applicable).
- The tribunal will issue a binding decision, which is enforceable by law.
5. What Happens After the Decision?
If You Win:
- The tribunal will order the respondent to pay the awarded amount.
- If the respondent fails to comply, you can apply for enforcement through the State Courts.
If You Lose:
- Decisions made by the SCT are final and cannot be appealed, except under exceptional circumstances (e.g., procedural errors).
6. Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: Can I have a lawyer represent me at the SCT?
No, legal representation is not allowed at the SCT. However, you may seek legal advice before filing the claim.
Q2: What if the respondent refuses to attend the consultation or hearing?
The tribunal may proceed in the respondent’s absence and issue a decision based on the evidence provided.
Q3: Can businesses file claims in the SCT?
Yes, businesses can file claims as long as they meet the SCT’s monetary and jurisdictional limits.
Q4: How long does it take to resolve a claim?
Most claims are resolved within 1–3 months, depending on the complexity of the case and the tribunal’s schedule.
Q5: Can I withdraw my claim after filing?
Yes, you can withdraw your claim at any stage before the tribunal makes a decision.
7. Tips for a Successful Claim in Singapore SCT
- Be Prepared: Organize all documents and evidence related to the dispute.
- File Early: Ensure your claim is within the 2-year limitation period.
- Stay Professional: Present your case respectfully and stick to the facts.
- Use the CJTS Portal: Monitor your claim’s progress and communicate with the tribunal through the online system.
- Consider Mediation: Many disputes are resolved without a hearing, saving time and money.
8. Conclusion
Filing a small claim in Singapore through the SCT is a straightforward process designed for quick and affordable dispute resolution. By following the steps outlined above and preparing your case thoroughly, you can confidently navigate the system and seek a fair outcome.