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Moving to Belgium from the UK – Complete Guide for 2024

1. Introduction: Moving to Belgium from the UK

Moving from the UK to Belgium can be a rewarding decision, offering new career opportunities, rich cultural experiences, and a high quality of life in the heart of Europe. Since Brexit, UK nationals face new requirements for residency and work in Belgium. This guide outlines the essential steps, visa requirements, and key information to help UK citizens move to Belgium successfully.

2. Do UK Citizens Need a Visa to Move to Belgium?

Yes, UK citizens generally need a visa or residence permit to live in Belgium for more than 90 days. Since Brexit, UK nationals are treated as non-EU nationals and must apply for a residence permit or visa, depending on the purpose of their stay. Short visits under 90 days for tourism, family visits, or business do not require a visa.

3. Visa and Residency Options for Moving to Belgium

There are several visa options for UK nationals depending on their purpose of stay:

  • Work Visa (Single Permit): For those with a job offer in Belgium. The employer sponsors this visa.
  • Self-Employment Permit: For UK citizens looking to establish a business or work as freelancers.
  • Student Visa: For those enrolling in Belgian universities or educational programs.
  • Family Reunification Visa: For those joining family members who are already residents or citizens of Belgium.
  • Retirement Visa: A long-term residence permit option for retirees with sufficient funds and healthcare coverage.

4. Requirements for the Belgian Work Visa (Single Permit)

To live and work in Belgium, UK nationals generally need a Single Permit, which is both a work permit and a residence permit:

  • Job Offer from a Belgian Employer: The employer must apply for the permit on your behalf.
  • Salary Requirements: The job must meet Belgium’s minimum salary thresholds.
  • Health Insurance: Applicants must have valid health insurance coverage.
  • Police Clearance Certificate: Proof of a clean criminal record from the UK.

Once the Single Permit is approved, UK nationals can live and work in Belgium legally.

5. Moving to Belgium as a Freelancer or Business Owner

For those planning to work independently, Belgium offers a Self-Employment Permit:

  • Business Plan: A comprehensive business plan showing viability and economic contribution to Belgium.
  • Financial Resources: Proof of sufficient funds to support the business and personal living costs.
  • Professional Qualifications: Proof of relevant qualifications or experience, especially for regulated professions.
  • Health Insurance: Proof of health insurance coverage for self-employed individuals.

6. Applying for a Belgian Residence Permit

The residence permit application is a key step for UK citizens moving to Belgium. Steps include:

  1. Gather Required Documents: Passport, job offer or business documentation, proof of finances, health insurance, and criminal record certificate.
  2. Apply at the Belgian Embassy: Submit the visa application at a Belgian embassy in the UK.
  3. Register with the Local Commune: Upon arrival in Belgium, register at the local commune or municipality within 8 days.
  4. Receive Residence Card: After registering, you’ll receive a residence card allowing you to live in Belgium.

7. Healthcare and Health Insurance in Belgium

Belgium has an excellent healthcare system, and health insurance is mandatory for all residents:

  • Public Health Insurance: Once registered as a resident, UK citizens can join a mutuelle (health insurance fund) to access public healthcare.
  • Private Health Insurance: Optional for additional coverage beyond the public healthcare system.
  • European Health Insurance Card (EHIC): Provides temporary health coverage for UK citizens in the EU, but it’s essential to register with a Belgian insurance provider if you’re staying long-term.

8. Cost of Living in Belgium

The cost of living in Belgium can vary depending on location:

  • Housing: Renting in Brussels is typically more expensive, with prices averaging around €700–€1,200 per month for a one-bedroom apartment.
  • Groceries and Utilities: Monthly costs for groceries and utilities range from €150–€300 per person.
  • Public Transportation: Belgium has an efficient public transport system, with monthly passes costing around €50–€60.

9. Finding Accommodation in Belgium

Many UK citizens moving to Belgium start by renting a home or apartment:

  • Popular Rental Websites: Immoweb, Zimmo, and Appartager.
  • Rental Contracts: Rental agreements are generally long-term and may require a deposit of 1-3 months’ rent.
  • Short-Term Options: For initial stays, consider short-term rentals through Airbnb, Spotahome, or other similar platforms.

10. Education Options for UK Families Moving to Belgium

Belgium offers various educational options, including:

  • Public Schools: Free education in French, Dutch, or German, depending on the region.
  • International Schools: Offer British or International Baccalaureate (IB) curricula, popular with expatriates.
  • Private Schools: Private options are available, though these typically come with tuition fees.

11. Learning the Language in Belgium

Belgium has three official languages: French, Dutch, and German. The language requirement depends on the region:

  • Brussels and Wallonia: French-speaking regions.
  • Flanders: Dutch-speaking region.
  • German-speaking Community: Primarily near the German border.

Learning the local language is beneficial, particularly for those planning to integrate into local communities or work in Belgium long-term.

12. Bringing Pets to Belgium

UK citizens moving with pets must follow EU pet import rules:

  • Microchip and Pet Passport: Your pet must have a microchip and an EU Pet Passport.
  • Rabies Vaccination: Pets must be vaccinated against rabies at least 21 days before entry.
  • Tapeworm Treatment: Required for dogs entering from certain countries, including the UK.

13. Taxes and Financial Considerations

UK citizens who become residents in Belgium will be subject to Belgian tax laws:

  • Income Tax: Belgium has a progressive tax rate, with higher earners paying up to 50% on their income.
  • Social Security Contributions: Deducted from your salary if employed, covering healthcare, pensions, and unemployment benefits.
  • Double Taxation Treaty: Belgium and the UK have a treaty to prevent double taxation, so consult a tax advisor to understand your obligations.

14. Frequently Asked Questions

  • Do I need a visa to stay in Belgium for less than 90 days? No, UK citizens can stay visa-free for up to 90 days for tourism or business.
  • Can I work remotely for a UK company while living in Belgium? Yes, but you may need to meet Belgian tax and residency requirements, so check with a tax advisor.
  • Can I apply for Belgian citizenship? After living in Belgium for five years, you may be eligible to apply for permanent residency, and after a longer period, Belgian citizenship.

15. Conclusion

Moving to Belgium from the UK requires preparation to meet visa, residency, and tax requirements, but it’s a fantastic opportunity to experience life in a vibrant, multicultural EU country. By understanding the visa options, preparing required documents, and following local regulations, you can enjoy a smooth transition to your new life in Belgium. This guide provides the essentials to help make your move as seamless as possible.

Trisha Lee