1. What Is Small Claims Court in Connecticut?
Small Claims Court in Connecticut is part of the state’s judicial system, providing a simplified process to resolve disputes involving money or property damages. Cases are heard informally, often without the need for attorneys, making it an accessible option for individuals and small businesses.
2. Claim Limits for Connecticut Small Claims Court
- Maximum Claim Amount: $5,000.
- Cases exceeding this limit must be filed in a higher court or reduced to fit the small claims limit.
3. Types of Cases Handled by Small Claims Court in Connecticut
Eligible Cases
- Unpaid debts: Loans, services, or goods not paid for.
- Property damage: Costs for repairs or replacements.
- Breach of contract: Unfulfilled agreements.
- Landlord-tenant disputes: Security deposit recovery.
- Consumer complaints: Refunds for defective goods or services.
Ineligible Cases
- Criminal matters.
- Family law disputes (e.g., divorce, child custody).
- Cases requiring injunctive relief or non-monetary resolutions.
4. How to File a Small Claim in Connecticut
Step 1: Determine Jurisdiction
File your claim in the small claims court serving the town where:
- The defendant lives or conducts business.
- The dispute occurred.
Use the Connecticut Judicial Branch Small Claims Lookup to find the correct venue.
Step 2: Complete the Claim Form
The primary form is the Small Claims Writ and Notice of Suit (JD-CV-40). Provide:
- Your name and contact information.
- The defendant’s name and address.
- A description of the claim, including dates and amounts.
Forms are available online or at your local courthouse.
Step 3: File the Claim
Submit the completed form to the court clerk and pay the filing fee.
| Claim Amount | Filing Fee |
|---|---|
| Up to $5,000 | $95 |
Step 4: Notify the Defendant
The court will notify the defendant by mail. You may also be required to serve the claim via certified mail or a process server if the initial attempt is unsuccessful.
Step 5: Prepare for the Hearing
Gather evidence to support your case:
- Documents: Contracts, invoices, receipts, and emails.
- Photos/Videos: Proof of damages.
- Witness Statements: Written or in-person testimony.
Organize these materials in a logical sequence to present to the judge.
Step 6: Attend the Hearing
On the court date:
- Arrive early and bring copies of your evidence.
- Present your case clearly and concisely.
- Answer any questions from the judge or defendant.
5. Costs Associated with Small Claims Court in Connecticut
Filing Fee
- $95 per claim (non-refundable).
Service Fees
- Certified mail or process server fees range from $10–$100.
Additional Costs
- Document copying or enforcement of judgment fees.
6. What Happens After the Hearing?
If You Win
The court will issue a judgment ordering the defendant to pay. If the defendant doesn’t comply, you can enforce the judgment through:
- Wage Garnishment: Deduct payments directly from their paycheck.
- Bank Levy: Seize funds from their bank account.
If You Lose
You may appeal the decision within 10 days of the judgment in some cases.
7. Tips for Success in Connecticut Small Claims Court
- Document Everything: Keep detailed records of the dispute.
- Be Prepared: Organize your evidence and rehearse presenting your case.
- Stay Professional: Remain respectful to the judge and opposing party.
- Follow Deadlines: File documents and notify the defendant promptly.
8. Resources for Connecticut Small Claims Court
- Connecticut Judicial Branch Small Claims Information
- Contact the clerk’s office at your local courthouse for assistance.
Conclusion
Small Claims Court in Connecticut is a practical option for resolving disputes involving up to $5,000. By understanding the filing process, preparing your case thoroughly, and adhering to court rules, you can effectively navigate the system to achieve a fair resolution.