UK Citizenship by Birth: Everything You Need to Know


  1. What is UK Citizenship by Birth?
    UK citizenship by birth refers to acquiring British nationality based on being born in the United Kingdom. However, not all children born in the UK automatically become British citizens. The status depends on the parents’ citizenship or residency status at the time of the child’s birth.

  1. Who Automatically Qualifies for UK Citizenship by Birth?
    A child born in the UK is automatically a British citizen if:
  • At least one parent is a British citizen.
  • At least one parent has settled status (e.g., indefinite leave to remain, EU settled status).
  • At least one parent is a citizen of the Irish Republic.
  • The child was born on or after 1 January 1983 (when the law changed).

For children born before this date, different rules apply, granting automatic citizenship to those born in the UK.


  1. Children Born in the UK to Non-Citizen Parents
    If neither parent is a British citizen or settled in the UK, the child does not automatically acquire British citizenship. However, they may become eligible through:
  • Registration: After the parents obtain settled status.
  • Long Residence: If the child resides in the UK for the first 10 years of their life, they can register as a British citizen.

  1. Citizenship Rules for Children Born Abroad
    A child born outside the UK can acquire British citizenship if:
  • At least one parent is a British citizen by birth or naturalization.
  • The British citizen parent registers the child’s birth with the UK authorities.

Children born to British citizens who are also “British citizens by descent” may face limitations, especially if they reside outside the UK.


  1. How to Apply for UK Citizenship for Non-Citizen Children

Step 1: Determine Eligibility

Check if the child qualifies for registration under the following:

  • One or both parents have become British citizens or obtained settled status.
  • The child has lived in the UK continuously for 10 years.

Step 2: Complete the Application Form

Fill out Form MN1 for children under 18 or Form T for those applying based on 10 years of residence.

Step 3: Submit Supporting Documents

Include:

  • Child’s birth certificate.
  • Parents’ proof of citizenship or settled status.
  • Evidence of residency (e.g., school records, tenancy agreements).

Step 4: Pay the Fees

  • Application Fee: £1,012 per child (subject to change).

Step 5: Attend a Biometric Appointment

The child’s fingerprints and photo will be taken as part of the process.


  1. Benefits of UK Citizenship by Birth
  • Access to public services such as education and healthcare.
  • The right to live, work, and study in the UK without restrictions.
  • Eligibility for a British passport, providing global mobility.
  • Opportunities to pass British citizenship to future generations.

  1. Common Challenges in Obtaining UK Citizenship by Birth
  • Parental Status: Citizenship depends on the parent’s legal status at the time of birth.
  • High Fees: The cost of registration and associated legal assistance can be significant.
  • Proof of Residency: Providing continuous residence for 10 years can be challenging for some families.

  1. Exceptions and Special Cases
  • Stateless Children: A stateless child born in the UK may be eligible for British citizenship.
  • Adopted Children: A child adopted by British citizens may automatically acquire citizenship if the adoption occurs under UK law.

  1. Legal Advice and Support
    Given the complexities of UK citizenship laws, it’s recommended to consult an immigration lawyer for:
  • Assessing eligibility.
  • Preparing a strong application.
  • Navigating complex cases like stateless children or adopted children.

  1. Conclusion
    UK citizenship by birth offers valuable rights and opportunities, but eligibility depends on specific parental and residency criteria. Understanding the rules and application process is key to securing British citizenship for your child.

  1. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
  • Do all children born in the UK automatically get citizenship?
    No, only children with a parent who is a British citizen or has settled status qualify for automatic citizenship.
  • Can a child born in the UK get citizenship if the parents are on a visa?
    Not automatically, but the child may apply for citizenship once the parents obtain settled status.
  • How much does it cost to apply for British citizenship for a child?
    The application fee is £1,012 (subject to change).
  • Can a child born abroad to a British parent become a citizen?
    Yes, if at least one parent is a British citizen, the child may acquire citizenship by descent.
  • What happens if the child lives in the UK for 10 years?
    A child who has lived in the UK for 10 continuous years can apply for citizenship under the long residence rule.
  • Does British citizenship by birth extend to parents?
    No, parents do not automatically gain citizenship if their child is born in the UK.