1. Overview of the Tier 1 Visa in the UK
The Tier 1 Visa was part of the UK’s points-based immigration system, created for highly skilled migrants, entrepreneurs, investors, and exceptional talents who could contribute significantly to the UK economy. Over recent years, however, the UK has phased out some Tier 1 visa categories, replacing them with new visa options.
Current Status of Tier 1 Visa Categories
While the Tier 1 Entrepreneur Visa and Tier 1 Graduate Entrepreneur Visa are closed to new applicants, the Tier 1 Investor Visa and Tier 1 Exceptional Talent Visa remain available, although the Exceptional Talent Visa has been replaced by the Global Talent Visa.
2. Types of Tier 1 Visa Categories
2.1 Tier 1 Investor Visa
The Tier 1 Investor Visa is designed for high-net-worth individuals who want to make substantial financial investments in the UK.
- Investment Requirement: Minimum of £2 million invested in the UK economy, typically through UK government bonds, share capital, or loan capital in active UK companies.
- Validity: Initially granted for 3 years and 4 months, extendable for another 2 years.
- Path to Settlement: Eligible for Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) after 5 years, or sooner (2-3 years) if larger investments are made.
2.2 Tier 1 Exceptional Talent Visa
The Tier 1 Exceptional Talent Visa allowed individuals recognized as leaders or potential leaders in fields such as science, humanities, engineering, medicine, digital technology, and the arts to live and work in the UK. This visa has been replaced by the Global Talent Visa, which offers similar benefits.
- Eligibility: Endorsement from a recognized UK body (e.g., Tech Nation, Arts Council England).
- Validity: Up to 5 years, with the option for renewal.
- Path to Settlement: Eligible for ILR after 3 to 5 years, depending on the endorsement type.
3. Who is Eligible for a Tier 1 Visa?
Eligibility depends on the specific Tier 1 category:
- Tier 1 Investor Visa: Applicants must have access to at least £2 million to invest in the UK, be over 18, and show that the funds belong to them or their spouse/partner.
- Tier 1 Exceptional Talent (Global Talent): Requires endorsement from an approved body in your field. Applicants should be highly skilled with a recognized talent or significant contributions to their field.
4. Required Documents for Tier 1 Visa Application
Typical documents for the Tier 1 Visa include:
- Valid Passport: With at least 6 months of validity.
- Proof of Funds: Bank statements showing the required investment or funds.
- Endorsement Letter: For those applying under the Global Talent route.
- Evidence of Financial Management: Proof of how the investment funds will be maintained.
- TB Test Results: Required if applying from a country where tuberculosis testing is mandatory.
- Criminal Record Certificate: For applicants and adult dependents, proving good character.
5. Application Process for the Tier 1 Visa
Step 1: Complete the Online Application Form
Submit your Tier 1 application through the UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) online portal.
Step 2: Pay the Visa and Healthcare Fees
Tier 1 Visa fees vary by category:
- Investor Visa Application Fee: £1,623
- Global Talent Visa Application Fee: £608
- Immigration Health Surcharge (IHS): £624 per year for each applicant
Step 3: Submit Biometric Information
Book an appointment at a Visa Application Centre to submit biometrics (fingerprints and photo) as part of the application.
Step 4: Submit Supporting Documents
Upload required documents online or provide originals at your biometrics appointment if required.
Step 5: Wait for Decision
Tier 1 applications are generally processed within 3 to 8 weeks, though priority processing is available for an additional fee.
6. Frequently Asked Questions
- Can I work in the UK on a Tier 1 Visa?
Yes, Tier 1 visa holders can work, set up a business, or invest, depending on the visa category. - Is the Tier 1 Entrepreneur Visa still available?
No, the Tier 1 Entrepreneur Visa was closed to new applicants in 2019 and has been replaced by the Innovator Visa. - Can I bring dependents with a Tier 1 Visa?
Yes, most Tier 1 visa categories allow dependents (spouse and children under 18) to accompany the primary visa holder. - How soon can I get permanent residency on a Tier 1 Visa?
Tier 1 Investor Visa holders may be eligible for ILR in 2-5 years, while those on the Global Talent route may qualify in 3-5 years, depending on specific criteria. - What replaced the Tier 1 Exceptional Talent Visa?
The Global Talent Visa replaced the Tier 1 Exceptional Talent Visa, allowing highly skilled individuals to work in the UK.
7. Conclusion
The Tier 1 Visa offers opportunities for high-net-worth individuals and highly talented professionals to live, work, and invest in the UK. With a streamlined path to permanent residency, the Tier 1 Visa (particularly the Investor and Global Talent categories) remains an attractive option for those wishing to contribute to the UK economy or academic sectors. Understanding the specific requirements, financial thresholds, and application steps for each Tier 1 Visa category is essential for a successful application.